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philosopher

English Thesaurus

1. a specialist in philosophy (noun.person)
:bookman, scholar, scholarly person, student,
definition:a learned person (especially in the humanities); someone who by long study has gained mastery in one or more disciplines (noun.person)
:nativist,
definition:a philosopher who subscribes to nativism (noun.person)
:cynic,
definition:a member of a group of ancient Greek philosophers who advocated the doctrine that virtue is the only good and that the essence of virtue is self-control (noun.person)
:eclectic, eclecticist,
definition:someone who selects according to the eclectic method (noun.person)
:empiricist,
definition:a philosopher who subscribes to empiricism (noun.person)
:epistemologist,
definition:a specialist in epistemology (noun.person)
:aesthetician, esthetician,
definition:a philosopher who specializes in the nature of beauty (noun.person)
:ethician, ethicist,
definition:a philosopher who specializes in ethics (noun.person)
:existential philosopher, existentialist, existentialist philosopher,
definition:a philosopher who emphasizes freedom of choice and personal responsibility but who regards human existence in a hostile universe as unexplainable (noun.person)
:gymnosophist,
definition:member of a Hindu sect practicing gymnosophy (especially nudism) (noun.person)
:libertarian,
definition:someone who believes the doctrine of free will (noun.person)
:mechanist,
definition:a philosopher who subscribes to the doctrine of mechanism (noun.person)
:moralist,
definition:a philosopher who specializes in morals and moral problems (noun.person)
:naturalist,
definition:an advocate of the doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific terms (noun.person)
:necessitarian,
definition:someone who does not believe the doctrine of free will (noun.person)
:nominalist,
definition:a philosopher who has adopted the doctrine of nominalism (noun.person)
:pluralist,
definition:a philosopher who believes that no single explanation can account for all the phenomena of nature (noun.person)
:pre-socratic,
definition:any philosopher who lived before Socrates (noun.person)
:realist,
definition:a philosopher who believes that universals are real and exist independently of anyone thinking of them (noun.person)
:scholastic,
definition:a Scholastic philosopher or theologian (noun.person)
:sophist,
definition:any of a group of Greek philosophers and teachers in the 5th century BC who speculated on a wide range of subjects (noun.person)
:stoic,
definition:a member of the ancient Greek school of philosophy founded by Zeno (noun.person)
:transcendentalist,
definition:advocate of transcendentalism (noun.person)
:yogi,
definition:one who practices yoga and has achieved a high level of spiritual insight (noun.person)
:karl popper, popper, sir karl raimund popper,
definition:British philosopher (born in Austria) who argued that scientific theories can never be proved to be true, but are tested by attempts to falsify them (1902-1994) (noun.person)
:abelard, peter abelard, pierre abelard,
definition:French philosopher and theologian; lover of Heloise (1079-1142) (noun.person)
:anaxagoras,
definition:a presocratic Athenian philosopher who maintained that everything is composed of very small particles that were arranged by some eternal intelligence (500-428 BC) (noun.person)
:anaximander,
definition:a presocratic Greek philosopher and student of Thales who believed the universal substance to be infinity rather than something resembling ordinary objects (611-547 BC) (noun.person)
:anaximenes,
definition:a presocratic Greek philosopher and associate of Anaximander who believed that all things are made of air in different degrees of density (6th century BC) (noun.person)
:arendt, hannah arendt,
definition:United States historian and political philosopher (born in Germany) (1906-1975) (noun.person)
:aristotle,
definition:one of the greatest of the ancient Athenian philosophers; pupil of Plato; teacher of Alexander the Great (384-322 BC) (noun.person)
:abul-walid mohammed ibn-ahmad ibn-mohammed ibn-roshd, averroes, ibn-roshd,
definition:Arabian philosopher born in Spain; wrote detailed commentaries on Aristotle that were admired by the Schoolmen (1126-1198) (noun.person)
:abu ali al-husain ibn abdallah ibn sina, avicenna, ibn-sina,
definition:Arabian physician and influential Islamic philosopher; his interpretation of Aristotle influenced St. Thomas Aquinas; writings on medicine were important for almost 500 years (980-1037) (noun.person)
:1st baron verulam, bacon, baron verulam, francis bacon, sir francis bacon, viscount st. albans,
definition:English statesman and philosopher; precursor of British empiricism; advocated inductive reasoning (1561-1626) (noun.person)
:bentham, jeremy bentham,
definition:English philosopher and jurist; founder of utilitarianism (1748-1831) (noun.person)
:bergson, henri bergson, henri louis bergson,
definition:French philosopher who proposed elan vital as the cause of evolution and development (1859-1941) (noun.person)
:berkeley, bishop berkeley, george berkeley,
definition:Irish philosopher and Anglican bishop who opposed the materialism of Thomas Hobbes (1685-1753) (noun.person)
:anicius manlius severinus boethius, boethius,
definition:a Roman who was an early Christian philosopher and statesman who was executed for treason; Boethius had a decisive influence on medieval logic (circa 480-524) (noun.person)
:bruno, giordano bruno,
definition:Italian philosopher who used Copernican principles to develop a pantheistic monistic philosophy; condemned for heresy by the Inquisition and burned at the stake (1548-1600) (noun.person)
:buber, martin buber,
definition:Israeli religious philosopher (born in Austria); as a Zionist he promoted understanding between Jews and Arabs; his writings affected Christian thinkers as well as Jews (1878-1965) (noun.person)
:cassirer, ernst cassirer,
definition:German philosopher concerned with concept formation in the human mind and with symbolic forms in human culture generally (1874-1945) (noun.person)
:cleanthes,
definition:ancient Greek philosopher who succeeded Zeno of Citium as the leader of the Stoic school (300-232 BC) (noun.person)
:auguste comte, comte, isidore auguste marie francois comte,
definition:French philosopher remembered as the founder of positivism; he also established sociology as a systematic field of study (noun.person)
:condorcet, marie jean antoine nicolas caritat, marquis de condorcet,
definition:French mathematician and philosopher (1743-1794) (noun.person)
:confucius, k'ung futzu, kong the master, kongfuze,
definition:Chinese philosopher whose ideas and sayings were collected after his death and became the basis of a philosophical doctrine known a Confucianism (circa 551-478 BC) (noun.person)
:democritus,
definition:Greek philosopher who developed an atomistic theory of matter (460-370 BC) (noun.person)
:derrida, jacques derrida,
definition:French philosopher and critic (born in Algeria); exponent of deconstructionism (1930-2004) (noun.person)
:descartes, rene descartes,
definition:French philosopher and mathematician; developed dualistic theory of mind and matter; introduced the use of coordinates to locate a point in two or three dimensions (1596-1650) (noun.person)
:dewey, john dewey,
definition:United States pragmatic philosopher who advocated progressive education (1859-1952) (noun.person)
:denis diderot, diderot,
definition:French philosopher who was a leading figure of the Enlightenment in France; principal editor of an encyclopedia that disseminated the scientific and philosophical knowledge of the time (1713-1784) (noun.person)
:diogenes,
definition:an ancient Greek philosopher and Cynic who rejected social conventions (circa 400-325 BC) (noun.person)
:empedocles,
definition:Greek philosopher who taught that all matter is composed of particles of fire and water and air and earth (fifth century BC) (noun.person)
:epictetus,
definition:Greek philosopher who was a Stoic (circa 50-130) (noun.person)
:epicurus,
definition:Greek philosopher who believed that the world is a random combination of atoms and that pleasure is the highest good (341-270 BC) (noun.person)
:ernst heinrich haeckel, haeckel,
definition:German biologist and philosopher; advocated Darwinism and formulated the theory of recapitulation; was an exponent of materialistic monism (1834-1919) (noun.person)
:david hartley, hartley,
definition:English philosopher who introduced the theory of the association of ideas (1705-1757) (noun.person)
:georg wilhelm friedrich hegel, hegel,
definition:German philosopher whose three stage process of dialectical reasoning was adopted by Karl Marx (1770-1831) (noun.person)
:heraclitus,
definition:a presocratic Greek philosopher who said that fire is the origin of all things and that permanence is an illusion as all things are in perpetual flux (circa 500 BC) (noun.person)
:herbart, johann friedrich herbart,
definition:German philosopher (1776-1841) (noun.person)
:herder, johann gottfried von herder,
definition:German philosopher who advocated intuition over reason (1744-1803) (noun.person)
:hobbes, thomas hobbes,
definition:English materialist and political philosopher who advocated absolute sovereignty as the only kind of government that could resolve problems caused by the selfishness of human beings (1588-1679) (noun.person)
:david hume, hume,
definition:Scottish philosopher whose sceptical philosophy restricted human knowledge to that which can be perceived by the senses (1711-1776) (noun.person)
:edmund husserl, husserl,
definition:German philosopher who developed phenomenology (1859-1938) (noun.person)
:hypatia,
definition:Greek philosopher and astronomer; she invented the astrolabe (370-415) (noun.person)
:james, william james,
definition:United States pragmatic philosopher and psychologist (1842-1910) (noun.person)
:immanuel kant, kant,
definition:influential German idealist philosopher (1724-1804) (noun.person)
:kierkegaard, soren aabye kierkegaard, soren kierkegaard,
definition:Danish philosopher who is generally considered. along with Nietzsche, to be a founder of existentialism (1813-1855) (noun.person)
:lao-tse, lao-tzu, lao-zi,
definition:Chinese philosopher regarded as the founder of Taoism (6th century BC) (noun.person)
:gottfried wilhelm leibnitz, gottfried wilhelm leibniz, leibnitz, leibniz,
definition:German philosopher and mathematician who thought of the universe as consisting of independent monads and who devised a system of the calculus independent of Newton (1646-1716) (noun.person)
:john locke, locke,
definition:English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704) (noun.person)
:lucretius, titus lucretius carus,
definition:Roman philosopher and poet; in a long didactic poem he tried to provide a scientific explanation of the universe (96-55 BC) (noun.person)
:lully, ramon lully, raymond lully,
definition:Spanish philosopher (1235-1315) (noun.person)
:ernst mach, mach,
definition:Austrian physicist and philosopher who introduced the Mach number and who founded logical positivism (1838-1916) (noun.person)
:machiavelli, niccolo machiavelli,
definition:a statesman of Florence who advocated a strong central government (1469-1527) (noun.person)
:maimonides, moses maimonides, rabbi moses ben maimon,
definition:Spanish philosopher considered the greatest Jewish scholar of the Middle Ages who codified Jewish law in the Talmud (1135-1204) (noun.person)
:malebranche, nicolas de malebranche,
definition:French philosopher (1638-1715) (noun.person)
:herbert marcuse, marcuse,
definition:United States political philosopher (born in Germany) concerned about the dehumanizing effects of capitalism and modern technology (1898-1979) (noun.person)
:karl marx, marx,
definition:founder of modern communism; wrote the Communist Manifesto with Engels in 1848; wrote Das Kapital in 1867 (1818-1883) (noun.person)
:george herbert mead, mead,
definition:United States philosopher of pragmatism (1863-1931) (noun.person)
:john mill, john stuart mill, mill,
definition:English philosopher and economist remembered for his interpretations of empiricism and utilitarianism (1806-1873) (noun.person)
:james mill, mill,
definition:Scottish philosopher who expounded Bentham's utilitarianism; father of John Stuart Mill (1773-1836) (noun.person)
:baron de la brede et de montesquieu, charles louis de secondat, montesquieu,
definition:French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers (1689-1755) (noun.person)
:g. e. moore, george edward moore, moore,
definition:English philosopher (1873-1958) (noun.person)
:friedrich wilhelm nietzsche, nietzsche,
definition:influential German philosopher remembered for his concept of the superman and for his rejection of Christian values; considered, along with Kierkegaard, to be a founder of existentialism (1844-1900) (noun.person)
:occam, ockham, william of occam, william of ockham,
definition:English scholastic philosopher and assumed author of Occam's Razor (1285-1349) (noun.person)
:origen,
definition:Greek philosopher and theologian who reinterpreted Christian doctrine through the philosophy of Neoplatonism; his work was later condemned as unorthodox (185-254) (noun.person)
:jose ortega y gasset, ortega y gasset,
definition:Spanish philosopher who advocated leadership by an intellectual elite (1883-1955) (noun.person)
:parmenides,
definition:a presocratic Greek philosopher born in Italy; held the metaphysical view that being is the basic substance and ultimate reality of which all things are composed; said that motion and change are sensory illusions (5th century BC) (noun.person)
:blaise pascal, pascal,
definition:French mathematician and philosopher and Jansenist; invented an adding machine; contributed (with Fermat) to the theory of probability (1623-1662) (noun.person)
:charles peirce, charles sanders peirce, peirce,
definition:United States philosopher and logician; pioneer of pragmatism (1839-1914) (noun.person)
:perry, ralph barton perry,
definition:United States philosopher (1876-1957) (noun.person)
:plato,
definition:ancient Athenian philosopher; pupil of Socrates; teacher of Aristotle (428-347 BC) (noun.person)
:plotinus,
definition:Roman philosopher (born in Egypt) who was the leading representative of Neoplatonism (205-270) (noun.person)
:pythagoras,
definition:Greek philosopher and mathematician who proved the Pythagorean theorem; considered to be the first true mathematician (circa 580-500 BC) (noun.person)
:quine, w. v. quine, willard van orman quine,
definition:United States philosopher and logician who championed an empirical view of knowledge that depended on language (1908-2001) (noun.person)
:radhakrishnan, sarvepalli radhakrishnan, sir sarvepalli radhakrishnan,
definition:Indian philosopher and statesman who introduced Indian philosophy to the West (1888-1975) (noun.person)
:reid, thomas reid,
definition:Scottish philosopher of common sense who opposed the ideas of David Hume (1710-1796) (noun.person)
:jean-jacques rousseau, rousseau,
definition:French philosopher and writer born in Switzerland; believed that the natural goodness of man was warped by society; ideas influenced the French Revolution (1712-1778) (noun.person)
:bertrand arthur william russell, bertrand russell, earl russell, russell,
definition:English philosopher and mathematician who collaborated with Whitehead (1872-1970) (noun.person)
:arthur schopenhauer, schopenhauer,
definition:German pessimist philosopher (1788-1860) (noun.person)
:albert schweitzer, schweitzer,
definition:French philosopher and physician and organist who spent most of his life as a medical missionary in Gabon (1875-1965) (noun.person)
:lucius annaeus seneca, seneca,
definition:Roman statesman and philosopher who was an advisor to Nero; his nine extant tragedies are modeled on Greek tragedies (circa 4 BC - 65 AD) (noun.person)
:socrates,
definition:ancient Athenian philosopher; teacher of Plato and Xenophon (470-399 BC) (noun.person)
:herbert spencer, spencer,
definition:English philosopher and sociologist who applied the theory of natural selection to human societies (1820-1903) (noun.person)
:oswald spengler, spengler,
definition:German philosopher who argued that cultures grow and decay in cycles (1880-1936) (noun.person)
:baruch de spinoza, benedict de spinoza, de spinoza, spinoza,
definition:Dutch philosopher who espoused a pantheistic system (1632-1677) (noun.person)
:rudolf steiner, steiner,
definition:Austrian philosopher who founded anthroposophy (1861-1925) (noun.person)
:dugald stewart, stewart,
definition:Scottish philosopher and follower of Thomas Reid (1753-1828) (noun.person)
:rabindranath tagore, sir rabindranath tagore, tagore,
definition:Indian writer and philosopher whose poetry (based on traditional Hindu themes) pioneered the use of colloquial Bengali (1861-1941) (noun.person)
:pierre teilhard de chardin, teilhard de chardin,
definition:French paleontologist and philosopher (1881-1955) (noun.person)
:thales, thales of miletus,
definition:a presocratic Greek philosopher and astronomer (who predicted an eclipse in 585 BC) who was said by Aristotle to be the founder of physical science; he held that all things originated in water (624-546 BC) (noun.person)
:theophrastus,
definition:Greek philosopher who was a student of Aristotle and who succeeded Aristotle as the leader of the Peripatetics (371-287 BC) (noun.person)
:simone weil, weil,
definition:French philosopher (1909-1943) (noun.person)
:alfred north whitehead, whitehead,
definition:English philosopher and mathematician who collaborated with Bertrand Russell (1861-1947) (noun.person)
:bernard arthur owen williams, sir bernard williams, williams,
definition:English philosopher credited with reviving the field of moral philosophy (1929-2003) (noun.person)
:ludwig josef johan wittgenstein, ludwig wittgenstein, wittgenstein,
definition:British philosopher born in Austria; a major influence on logic and logical positivism (1889-1951) (noun.person)
:xenophanes,
definition:Greek philosopher (560-478 BC) (noun.person)
:zeno, zeno of citium,
definition:ancient Greek philosopher who founded the Stoic school (circa 335-263 BC) (noun.person)
:zeno, zeno of elea,
definition:ancient Greek philosopher who formulated paradoxes that defended the belief that motion and change are illusory (circa 495-430 BC) (noun.person)
:philosophy,
definition:the rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics (noun.cognition)
2. a wise person who is calm and rational; someone who lives a life of reason with equanimity (noun.person)
:individual, mortal, person, somebody, someone, soul,
definition:a human being (noun.tops)
3. a specialist in philosophy (noun.person)
:philosophy,
definition:the rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics (noun.cognition)
:philosophic, philosophical,
definition:of or relating to philosophy or philosophers (adj.pert)
4. a wise person who is calm and rational; someone who lives a life of reason with equanimity (noun.person)
:doctrine, ism, philosophical system, philosophy, school of thought,
definition:a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school (noun.cognition)
:philosophy,
definition:any personal belief about how to live or how to deal with a situation (noun.cognition)
:philosophy,
definition:the rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics (noun.cognition)
:philosophic, philosophical,
definition:characterized by the attitude of a philosopher; meeting trouble with level-headed detachment (adj.all)
5. a specialist in philosophy (noun.person)
:philosophy,
definition:the rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics (noun.cognition)
:philosophic, philosophical,
definition:of or relating to philosophy or philosophers (adj.pert)
6. a wise person who is calm and rational; someone who lives a life of reason with equanimity (noun.person)
:doctrine, ism, philosophical system, philosophy, school of thought,
definition:a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school (noun.cognition)
:philosophy,
definition:any personal belief about how to live or how to deal with a situation (noun.cognition)
:philosophy,
definition:the rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics (noun.cognition)
:philosophic, philosophical,
definition:characterized by the attitude of a philosopher; meeting trouble with level-headed detachment (adj.all)

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